工業(yè)萘簡介萘是最簡單的稠環(huán)芳烴，化學(xué)式為C10H8，是由2個(gè)苯環(huán)共用2個(gè)相鄰碳原子稠合而成，廣泛用作制備染料、樹脂、溶劑等的原料，也用作驅(qū)蟲劑。

　　Introduction to Industrial Naphthalene Naphthalene Naphthalene is the simplest polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, with the chemical formula C10H8. It is composed of two adjacent carbon atoms fused together by two benzene rings. It is widely used as a raw material for the preparation of dyes, resins, solvents, and also as an insect repellent.

　　化學(xué)性質(zhì)

　　chemical property

　　氧化反應(yīng)：溫和氧化劑得醌，強(qiáng)烈氧化劑得酸酐。

　　Oxidation reaction: Mild oxidants yield quinones, while strong oxidants yield anhydrides.

　　禁環(huán)比們鏈更易氧化，所以不能用側(cè)鏈氧化法制萘甲酸。電子云密度高的環(huán)易被氧化

　　The banned chain is more prone to oxidation, so side chain oxidation cannot be used to produce naphthoic acid. Rings with high electron cloud density are prone to oxidation

　　還原反應(yīng)：萘可與5個(gè)氫氣加成生成十氫化禁

　　Reduction reaction: Naphthalene can react with 5 hydrogen gases to form decahydroxides

　　親電取代反應(yīng)：禁的a-位比B-位更易發(fā)生親電取代反應(yīng)。a-位取代兩個(gè)共振式都有完整的苯環(huán)。β-位取代只有一個(gè)共振式有完整的舉環(huán)。

　　Electrophilic substitution reaction: The forbidden a-site is more prone to electrophilic substitution reaction than the B-site. There is a complete benzene ring for both resonance formulas substituted by A-site. The β - substitution has only one resonant form with a complete ring.

　　用途

　　purpose

　　生產(chǎn)染料和顏料；工業(yè)精萘是制造染料和顏料的重要原料，如制造靛藍(lán)染料、黃色顏料；制造農(nóng)藥：工業(yè)精萘可以用于制造農(nóng)藥，如苯酚菊酯等；制造塑料和橡膠工業(yè)裝可以作為塑料和橡膠的增塑劑和防老劑；制造煙草產(chǎn)品工業(yè)萘被廣泛應(yīng)用于煙草制品中，以增加煙草的香；制造藥品：工業(yè)精萘可以用于制造藥品，如制造對乙酰氨基酚等危害侵入途徑:吸入、食入、經(jīng)皮吸收。

　　Production of dyes and pigments; Industrial refined naphthalene is an important raw material for manufacturing dyes and pigments, such as indigo dye and yellow pigment; Manufacturing pesticides: Industrial refined naphthalene can be used to manufacture pesticides such as pyrethroids; Manufacturing plastic and rubber industrial equipment can serve as plasticizers and anti-aging agents for plastics and rubber; Industrial naphthalene is widely used in tobacco products to enhance the aroma of tobacco; Manufacturing drugs: Industrial refined naphthalene can be used to manufacture drugs, such as acetaminophen, and other harmful invasion routes: inhalation, ingestion, transdermal absorption.

　　危害：

　　harm:

　　健康危害:具有刺激作用，高濃度致溶血性貧血及肝、腎損害，會(huì)導(dǎo)致貧血或紅細(xì)胞數(shù)、血色素和血細(xì)胞數(shù)顯著減少、嚴(yán)重皮膚病,

　　Health hazards: It has a stimulating effect and can cause hemolytic anemia and liver and kidney damage at high concentrations, leading to anemia or significant reduction in red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and blood cell count, as well as serious skin diseases,

　　急性中毒:吸入高濃度萘蒸氣或粉塵時(shí)，出現(xiàn)眼及呼吸道刺激、角膜混濁、頭痛、惡心、嘔吐、食欲減退、腰痛、尿頻，

　　Acute poisoning: When inhaling high concentrations of naphthalene vapor or dust, eye and respiratory irritation, corneal opacity, headache, nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite, lower back pain, and frequent urination may occur,

　　慢性中毒:反復(fù)接觸萘蒸氣，可引起頭痛、乏力、惡心、嘔吐、血液系統(tǒng)損害、白內(nèi)障、視神經(jīng)炎、視網(wǎng)膜病變、皮炎，

　　Chronic poisoning: Repeated exposure to naphthalene vapor can cause headaches, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, blood system damage, cataracts, optic neuritis, retinopathy, dermatitis,

　　進(jìn)出口數(shù)據(jù)分析近幾年來，我國工業(yè)萘進(jìn)口量遠(yuǎn)高于出口量。由于國內(nèi)萘法苯酐產(chǎn)能不斷增長，工業(yè)萘市場缺口較大，且國內(nèi)工業(yè)萘市場價(jià)格偏高，工業(yè)萘出口量呈現(xiàn)出大幅下降態(tài)勢。

　　In recent years, the import and export data analysis shows that the import volume of industrial naphthalene in China is much higher than the export volume. Due to the continuous growth of domestic naphthalene phthalic anhydride production capacity, there is a large gap in the industrial naphthalene market, and the domestic industrial naphthalene market price is relatively high, resulting in a significant decline in the export volume of industrial naphthalene.

　　價(jià)格分析近年來，隨著上游原材料價(jià)格的上漲、下游需求持續(xù)好轉(zhuǎn)，工業(yè)萘價(jià)格也呈波浪線式穩(wěn)定上升。自2021年年初由3388元/噸上漲至2023年6月底5068元/噸，價(jià)格累計(jì)上漲1680元/噸，漲幅為49.6%。

　　In recent years, with the rise of upstream raw material prices and the continuous improvement of downstream demand, the price of industrial naphthalene has also shown a wave like stable increase. From the beginning of 2021, the price increased from 3388 yuan/ton to 5068 yuan/ton by the end of June 2023, with a cumulative increase of 1680 yuan/ton, or 49.6%.

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