Naphthalene, also known as naphthalene, is a massive crystal with no color and gloss. Insoluble water, easy to sublimate, can evaporate with steam and has a special smell. It is a key polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in industrial production. It can be used to produce chemical intermediates for the manufacture of phthalic anhydride and dye, rubber additives and insecticides.

依據(jù)純凈度不樣，萘可分成工業(yè)萘和精萘。工業(yè)萘的純凈度般約為96%。工業(yè)萘進步純化脫除殘渣及煙氣脫硫后，可獲得高純的精萘。

According to different purity, naphthalene can be divided into industrial naphthalene and refined naphthalene. The purity of industrial naphthalene is generally about 96%. High purity refined naphthalene can be obtained after advanced purification of industrial naphthalene, removal of residue and flue gas desulfurization.

生產(chǎn)制造方式

Manufacturing mode

焦油萘

Naphthalene tar

從煤焦油中提取的萘稱作焦油萘。在高溫煤焦油中萘約占8-12%。從焦油精餾塔側(cè)線切取下溫度區(qū)段為210-230℃的萘油餾分，歷經(jīng)清洗脫酚，再精餾分離出來輕成分，便可獲得凝固點為78℃、純凈度為96%的工業(yè)萘。

Naphthalene extracted from coal tar is called tar naphthalene. Naphthalene accounts for about 8-12% of high temperature coal tar. The naphthalene oil fraction with the temperature range of 210-230 ℃ is cut off from the side line of the tar distillation tower. After cleaning and dephenolization, the light components are separated by distillation, and the industrial naphthalene with the freezing point of 78 ℃ and purity of 96% can be obtained.

工業(yè)萘中含殘渣硫茚（1-3%）、甲基萘（1-2%）及小量茚、焦油堿和焦油酸，歷經(jīng)進步酸洗鈍化和水蒸氣蒸餾，可獲得硫含量低于0.1%、凝固點為79℃的精萘。若需要進步特制使硫含量小于0.05%，則需選用加氫精制加工工藝。

Industrial naphthalene contains residual indene (1-3%), methylnaphthalene (1-2%) and a small amount of indene, tar alkali and pyrooleic acid. After progressive pickling passivation and steam distillation, refined naphthalene with sulfur content less than 0.1% and freezing point of 79 ℃ can be obtained. If it is necessary to make the sulfur content less than 0.05%, the hydrofining process shall be selected.

用工業(yè)萘小大批量生產(chǎn)精萘的步驟以下：將鹽酸添加熔化的萘中脫干，攪拌后靜置分離出來廢酸。再添加98%的鹽酸，在85-95℃標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下攪拌40分鐘，靜置分離出來廢酸。在攪拌下添加37%的甲醛溶液在85-95℃標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下攪拌50分鐘，加溫開水?dāng)嚢韬箪o置，層次高聚物及磺化原材料。用10%氫氧化鈉溶液中合PH到7-8，靜置后去除廢堿。終水蒸氣蒸餾制冷可獲得精萘商品。

The following steps are taken: after the refined naphthalene is added into the hydrochloric acid, the refined naphthalene is melted and separated in large quantities. Add 98% hydrochloric acid, stir at 85-95 ℃ for 40 minutes, and stand to separate the waste acid. Add 37% formaldehyde solution under stirring, stir for 50 minutes under the standard of 85-95 ℃, stir with heated boiled water, and then stand still to form high polymer and sulfonated raw materials. Add pH to 7-8 with 10% sodium hydroxide solution, and remove the waste alkali after standing. Refined naphthalene can be obtained by final steam distillation refrigeration.

石油萘

Petroleum naphthalene

石油萘的原料來源于于催化重整、催化裂化和氮化合物裂化等全過程的重芳烴成分。在催化重整油中，甲基萘的含水量約為55%。先歷經(jīng)提純和吸咐，從原料餾分中分離出來出萘的各種各樣同系物，隨后選用催化反應(yīng)臨氫脫烷基的方式，以Cr2O3-Al2O3為金屬催化劑，在400-800℃和0.5-7兆帕下開展臨氫脫甲基反映，反映物質(zhì)經(jīng)制冷液相化學(xué)物質(zhì)后，水蒸氣蒸餾去除輕成分苯、二甲苯、二甲苯等，終進步精餾可獲得石油萘商品。商品用有

The raw material of petroleum naphthalene comes from heavy aromatics in the whole process of catalytic reforming, catalytic cracking and nitrogen compound cracking. In catalytic reforming oil, the water content of Methylnaphthalene is about 55%. After purification and adsorption, various homologues of naphthalene are separated from the raw material fraction. Then, the catalytic hydrodealkylation method is selected, and the hydrodemethylation reaction is carried out with Cr2O3-Al2O3 as the metal catalyst at 400-800 ℃ and 0.5-7 MPa. After the reflecting substances are cooled by liquid-phase chemicals, the light components such as benzene, xylene and xylene are removed by steam distillation, Petroleum naphthalene commodity can be obtained by final progressive distillation. Commodity use

據(jù)統(tǒng)計，以輕柴油為裂化原料的年產(chǎn)量30萬噸級的丁二烯設(shè)備，，可副產(chǎn)焦油9萬噸級，在其中萘和萘潛量為4-5萬噸級。

According to statistics, butadiene equipment with an annual output of 300000 tons with light diesel as cracking raw material can produce 90000 tons of tar, of which the potential of naphthalene and naphthalene is 40000-50000 tons.

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